What is Elbow External Fixation?
Elbow external fixation is a surgical technique used to stabilize complex elbow fractures or dislocations, especially when internal fixation (plates/screws) is not ideal. It involves placing pins or wires into the bones around the elbow and connecting them to an external frame to hold the joint in proper alignment during healing.
When is Elbow External Fixation Recommended?
This procedure is typically used when:
- There is severe soft tissue injury or open fractures
- Internal fixation poses a high risk of infection
- Temporary stabilization is needed before definitive surgery
- There is elbow instability that cannot be controlled with bracing
How is Elbow External Fixation Performed?
Under anesthesia, metal pins are inserted into the humerus (upper arm bone) and the ulna or radius (forearm bones). These are connected externally by rods or rings, forming a rigid frame that keeps the elbow joint aligned and stable. The fixator may remain in place for several weeks.
Recovery After Elbow External Fixation
Patients may begin gentle range-of-motion exercises under guidance soon after surgery, depending on the injury. Once the fixator is removed (usually 6–8 weeks), rehabilitation focuses on restoring motion and strength. Regular follow-up and pin-site care are essential during recovery.
Risks of Elbow External Fixation
- Pin-site infections
- Nerve or vessel injury
- Joint stiffness
- Pain at fixation sites
- Delayed or nonunion of fractures
Benefits of Elbow External Fixation
- Stabilizes complex or unstable injuries
- Allows soft tissue healing before further surgery
- Can prevent long-term deformity
- Enables early mobilization in certain cases
