What Is ORIF of Long Bone Fractures?
ORIF (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) is a surgical procedure used to treat serious fractures of the long bones-such as the femur, tibia, humerus, or radius-when the bone is broken into multiple pieces or is significantly displaced. The procedure realigns the broken bone fragments (open reduction) and secures them using internal fixation devices like plates, screws, or rods.
When Is ORIF Recommended?
ORIF may be recommended in the following situations:
- The fracture is displaced or unstable
- The bone is broken into multiple pieces (comminuted fracture)
- Non-surgical treatment (casting) is not adequate
- The fracture involves a joint surface
- There is an open (compound) fracture with broken skin
- Failed healing from a previous fracture treatment
How Is ORIF Performed?
The surgery is performed under general or regional anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision at the fracture site to access the broken bone. The bone fragments are carefully realigned, and metal hardware—such as plates, screws, nails, or rods—is inserted to stabilize the bone during healing. Once fixation is complete, the incision is closed, and a dressing is applied.
Recovery After ORIF
Recovery depends on the bone involved and the severity of the fracture. Patients may need to limit weight-bearing for several weeks and attend physical therapy to restore strength, range of motion, and function. Full healing can take anywhere from 6 weeks to several months.
Risks of ORIF
Potential risks include:
- Infection
- Nerve or blood vessel injury
- Hardware irritation or failure
- Delayed or nonunion of the bone
- Need for additional surgery
Benefits of ORIF
Key benefits of ORIF include:
- Accurate realignment of the bone
- Stable fixation for proper healing
- Faster functional recovery
- Reduced risk of long-term deformity or disability
